Wastewater produced by a range of production and processing procedures is known as industrial effluent. Industrial wastewater can contain a variety of different components, depending on the business. Along with other components like heavy metals, acids, and alkalis, organic molecules like oils, lipids, alcohols, and flavourings also interact with the water. Now we discuss about Waste Water Treatment Plant Energy Consumption.
Before being discharged to sewage treatment facilities for the general public, the environment, or internal reuse, this type of wastewater must first undergo pretreatment.
Let’s discuss in detail about the energy consumption of wastewater treatment plant.
The urban water system is now more dependent on energy for both transportation and treatment due to the increasing shortage of water. The availability of electricity may prevent metropolitan areas from becoming sustainable, leading to a shortage of water supplies and water pollution. Energy conservation, energy efficiency, and energy substitution have also become universal development principles due to growing climate concerns.
Techniques and data gathering
It has been noted that energy is used up during the treatment process in the forms of electrical, manual, chemical, and mechanical energy. Chemical energy is indirect energy, manual labour is renewable energy, while other types of energy are non-renewable. In terms of kWh/m3 of treated wastewater, each type of energy consumption is calculated.
Primary data have been gathered by field observation, and historical data have been verified through conversations with plant operators. For verification, logbooks and records of purchases and consumptions are also used.
Estimating the amount of electrical energy used
The electrical energy input is calculated by taking into account the total amount of wastewater that has been treated, the electrical load of the pump/motor (kW), and the number of hours (h) that the motor has been running (Eq. 1).
where P is the rated power of the electrical motor in kilo Watts (kW), T is the number of operating hours per day (h/day), and Q is the total flow of wastewater in m3/day. It is expected that the motor efficiency is 80%.
Energy estimation for the fuel
Using Equation 2, mechanical energy (Ef) is calculated in kWh/m3
where D is the quantity of diesel consumed in l/day and 15.64 is the unit energy value of diesel in kWh/l. Mostly, 5 litre of diesel per month are discovered to be consumed for lubricating and maintaining machinery.
Measuring chemical energy
Energy is the substance that is given off or taken in during a chemical process. By calculating the standard enthalpy (heat) of reaction (H) of the chemicals during a reaction, chemical energy can be computed.
Using Equation 3, chemical energy (Ec) is estimated in kWh/m3
Ec=n [ ∑ΔHp−∑ΔHr ] / Q × 0.000278
where n is the number of moles (mol/day), 0.000278 is the conversion factor from KJ to kWh, and Hp and Hr are the enthalpies (heat) of product and reactant production, respectively, in kJ/mol.
Conclusion
It has been projected that the complete treatment procedure will require 0.036 kWh/m3 of fuel energy (diesel). As a result, 1.07 kWh/m3 of treated wastewater is used in total. Compared to the value obtained in a WWTP, which was reported to be 1.69 kWh/m3 omitting manual energy, it is significantly less. Numerous research has solely taken into account electrical energy; hence their findings do not fully represent the energy picture of a treatment process. The amount of electrical energy needed for waste water treatment plants is found to be 0.80 kWh/m3.
In terms of energy planning, there are some conclusions that are important. First, of all the energy types used in the treatment process, electrical energy accounts for the largest share (52%) of total energy consumption. Only roughly half of the total energy use comes from this, though. As a result, other types of energy should be taken into account throughout the energy benchmarking process.
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